Anubis’ significance in ancient Egyptian society extended beyond mortuary rituals. He was widely worshiped throughout Egypt, and his cult had dedicated temples and shrines in various cities, most notably in Cynopolis, which means “city of dogs” and refers to Anubis’ association with jackals.

The primary duty of Anubis was to oversee the process of mummification, ensuring that the deceased received proper care. His role involved conducting the “Opening of the Mouth” ceremony, a ritual where he symbolically opened the mouth of the deceased, allowing them to eat, drink, and breathe in the afterlife. Anubis was believed to protect the body and soul during the journey through the underworld, guiding them to the Hall of Ma’at, where the weighing of the heart against the feather of truth took place.

Anubis’ depictions in ancient Egyptian art often showcased his role as the guardian of the dead. He was shown as a jackal, reflecting the animal’s association with death and its ability to sniff out decaying bodies. Egyptians believed that jackals roamed the outskirts of cemeteries, guarding the tombs and guiding the deceased safely.

Anubis’ worship extended to various aspects of Egyptian society. Not only priests and embalmers revered him, but ordinary individuals also sought his protection and assistance. Devotees would make offerings to Anubis in the form of food, drink, and incense. They would also pray to him for guidance, protection, and a successful journey to the afterlife.